Honing tool



y 2, 1946- G. E. STRAHM 2,403,409

HONING TOOL Filed Sept. 22, 1943 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 29 27 INVENTOR.

6942 1090 STQAHM,

BY Y

q (rm/54f, ATTORN EY.

July 1946- G. E. STRAHM 2,403,409

HONING TOOL Filed Sept. 22, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 50 5 52 72 a 57 1 l a I I 1 I"=J I INVEOR. H STEAHM,

T ORNEY.

Patented July 2, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HONING TOOL Gaylord E. Strahm, Los Angeles, Calif.

Application September 22, 1943, Serial No. 503,320

11 Claims. 1

My invention relates to and has for a purpose the provision of adevice or tool for honing the interior surfaces of cylindrical pieces of work such as engine cylinders, tubes, and the like.

It is also a purpose of my invention to provide a honing tool which embodies means for supporting part of a strip of abrasive and flexible material such as emery cloth, in substantially cylindrical form for insertion into a cylindrical piece of work to hone the interiorsurface of the latter I its honing action the strip can be fed lengthwise to present successively new and unused strip parts to the work being honed, and where such strip feeding is accomplished without'removing the too-1 from the work.

It is also a purpose of my invention to provide a honing tool embodying a head for holding a part of the abrasive strip in circular form, which is adjustable to vary the effective diameter of such circular strip part to hone work of difierent inside diameters and to the degrees required, and. where such adjustment may be effected and maintained without removing the tool from the work and without cessation in rotation-of the Work.

A further purpose of my invention is the provision of a honing too-l which embodies a strip of flexible material having an abrasive substance on opposed sides thereof, and a second strip preferably made of flexible metal, for reinforcing'the abrasive strip to prevent tearing or distortion thereof, and to facilitate adjustment thereof in the successive presentation of new portions to the work.

A further purpose of my invention is the provision of a honing tool in which that part of the strip of abrasive material which has honing engagement with the work, is arranged spirally to expose a greater area of' abrasive surface to the work to increase the honing action.

Other purposes of my invention are the provision of an abrasive strip formed of a metal strip with a comminuted abrasive substance cemented to one side of the metal strip; or a metal strip and a fabric strip cemented to the former, and having its exposed side provided with an abrasive substance.

I will describe only three forms of honing tools,

three forms of honing strips, and one form of In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 isa view showing in side elevation one form of honing tool embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig.1.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plan view on a reduced scale, of the honing tool with the honing strip omitted.

Fig. 5isa view on a reduced scale showingin top plan the tool'of Fig. 1, with the tensioning mechanism for the abrasive strip, and a support for the tool as a whole.

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 66 'of Fig. 5.

Fig. "i is a schematic View showing in plan another form of honing tool embodying my invention. 1

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a third form of honing tool embodying my invention.

Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 9- -9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of a-modified form of abrasive strip embodying my invention. 1

Fig. 11 is a View similar to Fig. 10 of another form of abrasive strip embodying my invention.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts in eachof the several views.

Referring to the drawings in detail, my invention in its present embodiment comprises a supporting tube S which, at its right hand end as when viewed in Fig. 1, is either adapted to be fixedly secured in the tool holder of a lathe for insertion into a piece of rotating cylindrical work to be honed or to be mounted on the spindle of a lathe for rotation in the work where the work is stationary.

On the leading end of the tube S at a point exteriorly thereof, is a head H for supporting a portion of an abrasive element A in substantially circular form on the tube so that its outer surface can have honingengagement with the interior of a piece of work when the two are rotated relatively. The head H is expansible to render the circular form of the abrasive element variable in diameter either to hone work of dif- :ferent diameters or to hone a particular piece of workto a precise'diameter. l

Manually adjustable means is mounted on the tube 8 for efiecting expansion of the head H, as well as to maintain any precise expansion thereof. This meansmay include complemental cams C, and C movable axially in .opposite directions on the tube, and in one direction or the other to effect expansion of the head H or to allow contraction thereof.

The head H may comprise a band, preferably of spring steel, which is made up of a large section l5 and a small section l6 in order that the requisite uniform expansion may be attained by the band as a whole. It will be understood, how ever, that the band may be in one piece, but when so madeuniformity in expansion is not attainable.

Both band sections l5 and I6 have smooth out er peripheries on which a portion I1 of the abrasive element A is supported in substantially circular form, the element being confined thereon against accidental edgewise displacement by ribs l8 on the edges of the sections.

On their inner peripheries the band sections are formed at spaced intervals with transverse fins 19, the inner edges of which are beveled to form reversely disposed cams 20 and 2| which engage the cams C and C respectively. These cams C and C are in the form of split annuli and are interposed between the head sections l5 and I6 and the tube S so as to be slidable in relation to the cam fins l9, and to thereby cause their cam faces 22 and 23 to coact with the edges 28 and 2| in effecting radial expansion of the head H as a whole.

The head sections l5 and iii are preferably spaced one from the other, and mounted on the tube S by pins 24, 24 and 25, 25, secured to the inner sides of the sections l5 and I6 and slidable in sockets 26, 26, and 21, 21, fixed to the outer periphery of the tube.

The cams C and C are fixed on the inner ends of sleeves 28 and 29, respectively, and these sleeves are arranged one within the other and concentric of the tube S, with free axial movement to effect the required adjustment of the cams. In order that the pins '24 and 25, and the socket 26 and 21 may not interfere with such axial movement of the sleeves, the inner sleeve 28 is formed with slots 28a and 281) (Fig. 4), while the outer sleeve is provided with a slot 29a.

Axial movement of the sleeves 28 and 29 simultaneously and in opposite directions may be effected by a manually rotatable collar K surrounding the outer ends of the sleeves, and having one portion 30 engaging the inner sleeve 28 with a right hand screw thread 3|, and another portion 32 pinned to the portion 30 and engaging the outer sleeve 29 with a left hand screw thread 33. Thus, by rotation of the collar K in one direction or the other the sleeves are fed in opposite directions to move the cams C and C toward or away from each other to expand or contract the head H.

The collar portion 38 is confined on the tube S against axial movement by the provision of an annular tongue 34 fixed on the tube and enga ing a ring 35 within a groove 36, the ring being made in two half sections as shown in broken lines in Fig, 2 to allow of its application to the tube. Both the ring 35 and the collar sections 30 and 32 are embraced by a sleeve 31 the ends of which are bent inwardly to form. annular ,fianges 38 and 39 which tightly embrace the collar section 32 and the ring, so that rotation of the sleeve effects rotation of the collar and ring. The abrasive element Amay be in the form of a strip or ribbon of cloth having both sides thereof coated with a suitable abrasive substance such as particles of carborundum. This "abrasive strip is of such length that its inter- 4 mediate portion H can be wrapped around the head I-I, its ends extended inwardly between the inturned and rounded ends 48 and 4|.of the sections l5 and I8, and then through a slot 43 into the tube S. At this point the two lengths 44 and 45 of the strip are twisted in opposite directions about a pair of guide posts 46 fixed in the tube S and inclined and tapered so that as extended therefrom, the two strip lengths are disposed at right angles to the cylindrical strip portion I1. From here the strip lengths are extended longitudinally within the tube to project from the right band end thereof where they are accessible for manipulation, by hand, or for association with a mechanism for tensioning the strip A and for feeding it lengthwise to present new sections thereof to the work being honed.

In the present instance, this mechanism is shown in Figs. 5 and 6 as comprising a cross head 58 secured in the right hand end of the tube S by screws 5|. One end of a rod 52 is secured in the cross head against removal and rotation, and so as to extend axially from the sleeve S. The otherend of the rod 52 is secured in a clamp 53 on one end of a support 54 which may constitute the tool holder of an engine lathe.

Adjustable lengthwise on the rod 52 and secured in any adjusted ,position by a set screw 55, is a sleeve 56 to the opposite sides of which are secured, as by welding, a pair of plates 51 and 58 constituting a frame.

A strip supply reel 68 is mounted between the upper ends of the plate 51 and 58 on a belt 6|, the latter being rotatable in the plates, and the reel being secured thereto by a pin 62'. At its threaded end the bolt is provided with a nut 63, while extending through the bolt head is an operating crank 64.

Adjacent their lower ends the plates 51 and 58 are provided with suitable openings in which a strip'receiving reel 65 is rotatably mounted. This reel receives a stub shaft 66 having a nut 61 on'one end thereof, and an operating crank 68 on the other. The reel is secured to the shaft by pin 69 so thatthrough'rotation of the crank 68 the reel can be rotated. Integral with the reel is a ratchet wheel 18 the teeth of which are adapted to be engaged by a pawl 1| pivoted on the sleeve 56 as at 12 to lock the wheel, and consequently the reel 65, against rotation in a counter-clockwise direction as when viewed in Fig. 5.

As will be seen in Fig. 5, the abrasive strip A is adapted to be wound uponthe supply reel 6|] with its inner end extended into a suitable slot 60a (Fig. 6). The free end of the strip is extended from the reel inwardly through the tube S, around the posts 46 and head H, and then rearwardly and outwardly through the tube S, 50 that it can be wound about the receiving reel 65 and secured thereto by extending the free end into a suitable groove 65a. It will be understood that the pawl 1| permits free rotation of the reel 65- in a clockwise direction only, while the reel 68 is normally free to be rotated by the crank 64. However, once the abrasive strip has been arranged as described the reel 68 can be locked against further rotation by an adjustment of the nut 63 inwardly on the bolt to drawthe plates 51 and 58 into tight engagement with the edges of the abrasive strip.

With the abrasive strip arranged as just described sufiicient tension may be imposed on the stretches 44 and 45 thereof to draw the circular portion H of the strip into snug engagement with the head H, by moving the sleeve 56 out wardly on the rod 52, and then securing the sleeve in this position by means of the set screw 55, or by rotating the reel 60 in a counter-clockwise direction, while the reel 65 is locked by the pawl.

In practice, whether the honing tool rotates and the work to be honed is stationary, or the work rotates and the tool is stationary, as is effected by the structure shown in Figs. 5 and 6, first the tool and the work are moved relatively axially. to cause the tool to be inserted into the work so that the strip portion Il can have an abrasive contact with the inner wall of the work, and thus under relative rotation of the two honing of the wall can be efiected. By rotation of the collar K in the proper direction the cam C and C can be moved away from each other to expand the head H and thus increase the diameter of the strip portion I! to compensate for wear of the abrasive substance and thus increase the honing action to attain the desired internal diameter of the work. It will be understood that during this cam adjustment the sleeve 56 can be moved inwardly on the rod 52 to compensate for the increased diameter of the strip portion I1, or one reel or the other can be rotated in the proper direction to increase the length of the abrasive strip between the reels.

As the honing action proceeds the abrasive property of the strip portion l1 finally becomes nil, so that it is necessary to replace the worn portion with an unused portion. This can be readily accomplished by unwinding the strip from the reel -60 and rewinding it upon the reel 65. Thus it will be understood that, this lengthwise adjustment of the strip can be repeatedly performed to successively present to the work new portions of the strip until substantially the entire strip has been used.

An added function of the structure illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6 is, that should the head H jam within the work to such an extent that the rotating work sets the whole tool into rotation, the holding action of the clamp 53 in respect to the rod 52 is overcome to allow the entire tool to rotate with the work and thereby prevent any possible damage to the abrasive portion I! of the strip, or any other part of the tool.

As previously described herein the abrasive strip A has abrasive material on opposite sides thereof. The abrasive material on the outer side, which is presented to the work at the circular portion I1, operates to produce the honing action. The abrasive material on the inner side of the strip, which is presented to the outer surface of the head H, operates to prevent any slippage of the strip on the head during the honing operation, and holds the strip portion in circular formation to prevent distortion or tearing thereof.

In Fig. 7 I have shown a modified form of honing tool in which is embodied a thin strip M of metal such as spring steel or shim stock, which is preferably the same width as the abrasive strip A. This metal strip is provided for the purpose of reinforcing the abrasive strip to prevent possible tearing thereof and toiacilitate adjustment of the abrasive strip lengthwise in the successive presentation of its portions to the head H in the manner previously described. Here again the abrasive strip has abrasive material on its inner side as well as on its outer side so as to bite into the metal strip M and thereby cause the two strips to move lengthwise together in efiecting adjustment of the abrasive strip. As shown in Fig. 7, the strips A and M are adapted to be si- '6 multaneouslyunwound from a reel 13, and separately rewound upon reel l4 and 15, it being understood that suitable mechanism similar to that shown in Fig. 5, for actuating the reels and locking them against rotation following adjustment of the two strips, may be provided.

In Figs. 8 and 9 I have shown an embodiment of my invention in which the honing portion of the abrasive strip A may be spirally wound on the expanding head H, in order to present to the work to be honed a larger surface area of abrasive material. The structure of the head H, the cams C and C for expanding the head, and the means for adjusting the cams, are all identical to the form of honing tool shown in Figs. 1 to 4, except that the expanding head and cams are of increased length to accommodate the convolutions of the abrasive strip. However, in order that the abrasive strip may assume a spiral form on the expanding head, the posts 16 and I1 corre sponding in function to posts 46, are arranged as shown in Fig. 9, and thus the parallel stretches of the abrasive strip can be extended axially along and from the tube S.

Referring now to Fig. 10, I have here shown a modified form of abrasive strip wherein the abrasive substance 18 is applied directly to one face of the metal strip M, thereby avoiding the use of the abrasive strip A.

In Fig. 11 I have shown another form of abrasive strip wherein the fabric strip A has abrasive material 18 on one side, while the other side is without abrasive material and is adapted to be cemented to one side of the metal strip M.

Although I have herein shown and described only three forms of honing tools, three forms of honing strips, and one form of reinforcing strip, each embodying my invention, it is to be understood that variouschanges and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention and the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A honing tool comprising a tubular support; an eXpansi-ble head on the outside of said support; and guide members in said support so constructed and arranged that two connected lengths of flexible and abrasive material positioned longitudinally within said support, can be extended radially outward of the support and around 'said head to cover the latter to provide a substantially circular abrasive medium for said head; complemental cams between said head and said support movable lengthwise of said support to eifect'radial expansion of said head; sleeves secured to said cams for movement lengthwise on said support; and a collar threadedly engaging both of said sleeves so that by rotation of said collar said cams will be moved in opposite directions to expand said head.

2. A honing tool comprising: means for supporting a portion of a length of flexible and abrasive material in substantially circular form within a cylindrical piece of work, so that by rotation of the work and said material relatively, the inner surface of the work will be honed; and means correlated to the first mentioned means and axially removed from said first-mentioned means by which said material can without removing it from the work, be adjusted lengthwise of said supporting means to present successively to the work new portions thereof as the succeeding portion loses its abrasive property.

3. A honing tool comprising: a tubular support; a head exteriorly on said support; a flexible metallic strip; a second flexible strip having abrasive material on opposite sides thereof; said strips extending around said head, with the metallic strip between the head and the second strip, then radially inward into said support, and its end projecting from one end of said support for access to pull one end of the metallic strip, whereby the second strip can be adjusted about said head 4. A honing tool comprising: a support; a strip of abrasive material; means on said support for holding a part'of said strip in spiral :form within a tubular piece of work to have honing engagement therewith when the two are rotated relatively; and means carried by said support and axially removed from said first-mentioned means for adjusting said strip lengthwise of said support and in relation to said head to present to the latter a new part of said strip in spiral form to displace the other part strip when it loses its abrasive property.

5. A honing device, comprising: a support adapted at one end to be extended into a piece of work to be honed; a head on said end about which the intermediate portion of a strip of flexible abrasive material is adapted to be wrapped to have-honing contact with the interior of the work, extended inwardly of said head and said support, and then outwardly from said support and the work; and means associated with that part of said support positioned exteriorly of the work and actually removed from said head for feeding said strip through said support and around said head to present as required unused parts of said strip to said head during the honing operation.

6. A honing tool, comprising: a tubular support having a slot in the wall thereof; a head around said support and having a slot registering with the slot of said head; guide members in said support at opposite sides of the slot therein and arranged at such an angle to the axis of said support that a strip of abrasive material can be extended in a double length through said support, the two lengths respectively around said members and outwardly through said slots, and then around said head, and said strip moved lengthwise from a point exteriorly of said support to feed the strip around said head; and means operable from a point exteriorly of said support for moving the strip as aforesaid.

'7. A-honing tool, comprising: a tubular support having a slot in the wall thereof; a head around said support and having a slot registering with the slot of said head; guide members in said support at opposite sides of the slot therein and arranged at such an angle to the axis of said support that a strip of abrasive material-can be extended in a double length through said support, the two lengths respectively around said members and outwardly through said slots, andthen around said head, and said strip moved lengthwise from a point exterio-rly of said support to feed the strip around said head; and a pair of reels at one end ofsaid support and about which the ends of the strip are adapted to be wound, so that by rotation of one of said reels the strip can be moved as aforesaid. Y

8. A honing tool, comprising: a tubular support having a slot in the wall thereof; a head around said support and having a slot registering with the slot of said head; guide members in said support adjacent the slot therein and arranged one in advance of the other along said support and at angles to the axis of said support so that a strip of abrasive material can be extended through said support in a double length with each length about one of said members, and then outwardly through said slots and around said head in a spiral form; and means operable from a point exteriorly of said support for moving the strip lengthwise tofeed the later around said head.

9. In a honing device: a support; a supply'of a strip of abrasive material in said support and looped about said head;" and means on said support for adjustably'expan'ding said head, in-

cluding complemental cams adjust ab le'in opposite directions axially of said head. 10. In a honing device: a'support; a head on said support, a supply of a strip of abrasive material in said support and looped about said head; means on said support for adjustably expanding said head, includin complemental cams adjustable in opposite directions axially of said head; and rotary means on said support for simultaneously adjusting said cams. i 11. A honing tool'comprising a tubular support having an opening therein; an expansible head on said support positioned in relation to said opening so that a strip of flexible and abrasive material can be extended from said opening and around said head; elements movable on said sup port within said head; cam surfaces on said head and said elements coacting when said elements are moved in opposite directions axially, of said head, to expand said head; and companion members positioned in said support so that the strip of material can in a double length be extended inwardly from said opening andlongitudinally within said support to a point exteriorly of one end of the latter.

GAYLORD E. STRAHM. 

